Important Articles of Indian Constitution and their Subject Matter

Covered Under Part 1 of the Indian Constitution - Union and States of India - (Article 1 - 4)

Article 1 of the Indian Constitution - Name and Territory of the Union.

(a) India, that is Bharat, shall be a Union of States

(b) The States and the territories thereof shall be as specified in the First Schedule

(c) The territory of India shall comprise the territories of the States, the Union territories specified in the First Schedule and such other territories as may be acquired.   

Article 2 of the Indian Constitution - Admission or establishment of new States: Parliament may by law admit into the Union, or establish, new States on such terms and conditions, as it thinks fit.

Article 3 of the Indian Constitution - Formation of new states and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing states. In detail it contains below provisions - 

# form a new State by separation of territory from any State or by uniting two or more States or parts of States or by uniting any territory to a part of any State

# increase the area of any State

# diminish the area of any State

# alter the boundaries of any State

# alter the name of any State

Article 4 of the Indian Constitution - Laws made under Articles 2 and 3 to provide for the amendment of the First and the Fourth Schedules and supplemental, incidental and consequential matters that is any law referred to in Article 2 or Article 3 shall contain such provisions for the amendment of the First Schedule and the Fourth Schedule as may be necessary to give effect to the provisions of the law.

Covered Under Part 2 of the Indian Constitution - Citizenship - (Article 5 - 11)

Article 5 of the Indian Constitution - Citizenship at the commencement of the Constitution.

Article 6 of the Indian Constitution - Rights of citizenship of certain persons who have migrated to India from Pakistan.

Article 7 of the Indian Constitution - Rights of citizenship of certain migrants to Pakistan.

Article 8 of the Indian Constitution - Rights of citizenship of certain persons of Indian origin residing outside India.

Article 9 of the Indian Constitution - Persons voluntarily acquiring citizenship of a foreign State not to be citizens.

Article 10 of the Indian Constitution - Continuance of the rights of citizenship.

Article 11 of the Indian Constitution - Parliament to regulate the right of citizenship by law.

Covered Under Part 3 of the Indian Constitution - Fundamental Rights - (Article 12 - 35)

Article 13 of the Indian Constitution - Laws inconsistent with or in derogation of the fundamental rights.

Article 14 of the Indian Constitution - Equality before law.

Article 16 of the Indian Constitution - Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment.

Article 17 of the Indian Constitution - Abolition of Untouchability.

Article 19 of the Indian Constitution - Protection of certain rights regarding freedom of speech, etc.

Article 21 of the Indian Constitution - Protection of life and personal liberty.

Article 21A of the Indian Constitution - Right to elementary education.

Article 25 of the Indian Constitution - Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of Religion.

Article 30 of the Indian Constitution - Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutes.

Article 31C of the Indian Constitution - Certain Directive Principles were given power and effect.

Article 32 of the Indian Constitution - Remedies for enforcement of fundamental rights including writs.

Covered Under Part 4 of the Indian Constitution - Directive Principles of State Policy - (Article 36 - 51)

Article 38 of the Indian Constitution - State to secure a social order for the promotion of welfare of people.

Article 40 of the Indian Constitution - Organization of Village Panchayats.

Article 44 of the Indian Constitution - Uniform Civil Code for the Citizens.

Article 45 of the Indian Constitution - Provision for early childhood care and education to children below the age of 6 years.

Article 46 of the Indian Constitution - Promotion of educational and economic interests of scheduled castes, scheduled tribes and other weaker sections.

Article 50 of the Indian Constitution - Separation of Judiciary from Executive.

Article 51 of the Indian Constitution - Promotion of International Peace and Security.

Covered Under Part 4-A of the Indian Constitution - Fundamental Duties

Article 51A of the Indian Constitution - Fundamental Duties.

Covered Under Part 5 of the Indian Constitution - Union Government - (Article 52 - 151)

Article 72 of the Indian Constitution - Power of President to grant pardons, etc. and to suspend, remit or commute sentences in certain cases.

Article 74 of the Indian Constitution - Council of Ministers to aid and advise the President.

Article 78 of the Indian Constitution - Duties of Prime Minister as the furnishing of information to the President and if the President so requires, to submit for the consideration of the Council of Ministers any matter on which a decision has been taken by a Minister but which has not been considered by the Council.

Article 110 of the Indian Constitution - Definition of Money Bills.

Article 112 of the Indian Constitution - Annual financial statement that is the Budget.

Article 123 of the Indian Constitution - Power of President to promulgate ordinances during recess of Parliament.

Article 143 of the Indian Constitution - Power of President to consult Supreme Court.

Covered Under Part 6 of the Indian Constitution - State Government - (Article 152 - 237)

Article 155 of the Indian Constitution - Appointment of the Governor by the President.

Article 161 of the Indian Constitution - Power of Governor to grant pardons, etc and to suspend, remit or commute sentences in certain cases.

Article 163 of the Indian Constitution - Council of Ministers to advise and aid the Governor.

Article 167 of the Indian Constitution - Duties of Chief Minister with regarding to the furnishing of information to the Governor.

Article 169 of the Indian Constitution - Abolition and creation of legislative council in states.

Article 200 of the Indian Constitution - Assent to bill by Governor including the reservation of the bill for the consideration of the President if the Governor feels the need of this.

Article 213 of the Indian Constitution - Power of Governor to promulgate ordinances during recess of State Legislatures.

Article 226 of the Indian Constitution - Power of High Courts to issue certain writs.

Covered Under Part 7 of the Indian Constitution - 

Article 238 of the Indian Constitution - It was repealed by 7th Amendment Act 1956 which contained provisions related to A and B category of States.

Covered Under Part 8 of the Indian Constitution - Administration of Union Territories - (Article 239 - 241)

Article 239AA of the Indian Constitution - Special Provisions with respect to Delhi.

Covered Under Part 9 of the Indian Constitution -

Article 242 - 243 of the Indian Constitution - It was repealed by 7th Amendment Act 1956 which contained provisions related to C and D category of States.

Later by 73rd and 74th Amendment Act 1992, Article 243 was added which is now comprised of provisions related to Panchayati Raj Institutions. 

Covered Under Part 10 of the Indian Constitution -

Article (244 - 244 A) of the Indian Constitution - Provision of Scheduled Areas and Tribal Areas.

Covered Under Part 11 of the Indian Constitution - Relation between Union and States - (Article 245 - 263)

Article 249 of the Indian Constitution - Power of Parliament to legislate with respect to a matter in the State List in the national interest.

Article 262 of the Indian Constitution - Adjudicating of disputes relating to waters of inter-state rivers or river valleys.

Article 263 of the Indian Constitution - Provisions with respect to an inter state council.

Covered Under Part 12 of the Indian Constitution - Finance, Property, Contracts and Suits - (Article 264 - 300)

Article 265 of the Indian Constitution - Taxes not be imposed save by authority of law.

Article 275 of the Indian Constitution - Grants from the Union to certain states.

Article 280 of the Indian Constitution - Finance Commission.

Article 300 of the Indian Constitution - Suits and proceedings.

Article 300A of the Indian Constitution - Persons not to be deprived of property save by authority of law that is Right to Property. This right was initially a fundamental right but later it was removed from the list of fundamental rights.

Covered Under Part 13 of the Indian Constitution - (Article 301 - 307)

Trade, Commerce and Travel.

Covered Under Part 14 of the Indian Constitution - Services Under the Union and States - (Article 308 - 323)

Article 311 of the Indian Constitution - Dismissal, removal or reduction in rank of persons employed in civil capacities under the Union or a State.

Article 312 of the Indian Constitution - All India Services.

Article 315 of the Indian Constitution - Public Service Commission for the Union and for the States.

Article 320 of the Indian Constitution - Functions of Public Service Commissions. 

Covered Under Part 14-A of the Indian Constitution -

Article 323-A and Article 323-B of the Indian Constitution - Central Administrative Tribunals (CAT).

Covered Under Part 15 of the Indian Constitution - Elections and the Election Commission - (Article 324 - 329)

Article 324 of the Indian Constitution - Superintendence, direction and control of elections to be vested in an Election Commission. 

Covered Under Part 16 of the Indian Constitution - Special status related to SC, ST and Anglo Indians - (Article 330 - 342)

Article 330 of the Indian Constitution - Reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the House of People.

Article 335 of the Indian Constitution - Claims of Schedules Castes and Scheduled Tribes to services and posts.

Covered Under Part 17 of the Indian Constitution - Official Languages - (Article 343 - 351)

Covered Under Part 18 of the Indian Constitution - Emergency Provisions - (Article 352 - 360)

Article 352 of the Indian Constitution - Proclamation of Emergency that is National Emergency.

Article 356 of the Indian Constitution - Provisions in case of failure of Constitutional machinery in States that leads to the imposition of President's Rule.

Article 360 of the Indian Constitution - Provisions as the Financial Emergency.

Covered Under Part 19 of the Indian Constitution - Judicial immunity to the President and the Governor - (Article 361 - 367)

Article 365 of the Indian Constitution - Effect of failure to comply with, or to give effect to, directions given by the Union.

Covered Under Part 20 of the Indian Constitution -

Article 368 of the Indian Constitution - Power of Parliament to amend the Constitution and procedure thereof.

Covered Under Part 21 of the Indian Constitution - Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions - (Article 369 - 392)

Article 370 of the Indian Constitution - Temporary provisions with respect to the state of Jammu and Kashmir.

Covered Under Part 22 of the Indian Constitution - Short title and commencement of the Constitution - (Article 393 - 395)

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