Question 1. Global warming is the increase of Earth’s average surface temperature due to the effect of greenhouse gases.
Consider the following statements regarding greenhouse gases
1. Water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, ozone, nitrous oxide, CFCs and halons are responsible for global warming.
2. The largest sources of methane in the atmosphere are natural wetlands, rice paddies and livestock.
3. Nitrous oxides are released by the oceans, soils, biomass burning and the use of fertilizers.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 2 and 3
(b) 1 and 3
(c) 1 and 2
(d) All of these
Solution 1. (d) A greenhouses gas is a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect. The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and ozone.
Wetlands - Warm temperature and moist environments are ideal for methane production. Natural wetlands are important source of methane.
Rice Paddies - The warmer and moisture the rice field, the more methane is produced.
Animals - Microorganisms breaking down difficult to digest material in the guts of ruminant livestock and termites procure methane that is then released during defecation. Nitrous oxide is also released into atmosphere when fossil fuels and biomass are burnt. Nitrous oxide is emitted by bacteria in soils and oceans.
Question 2. Which of the following are the tributaries of Ganga?
1. Alaknanda
2. Bhagirathi
3. Buahi Dihing
4. Dhansiri
5. Ramganga
6. Gandhak
7. Kosi
Select the correct answer using the codes given below
(a) 1,3,4,5 and 7
(b) 1,2,5,6 and 7
(c) 2,3,4 and 6
(d) All of these
Solution 2. (b) Buahi Dihing and Dhansiri are the tributaries of Brahmaputra river.
Question 3. Consider the following statement
Under Todarmal bandobast in Akbar’s administration
1. The state was to advance loans to the cultivators which could be paid in easy annual installments.
2. Remissions for revenues were granted in bad season.
3. The revenue collectors were required to write officially annual reports about the word, character and integrity of their subordinates.
4. The accounts were to be kept in Hindi.
Which of the statement given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 1,2 and 3
(c) 3 and 4
(d) All of these
Solution 3. (b) Todarmal framed a regulation or standard system of revenue administration know as Zabti System or the Bandobast System. Under this lands were accurately surveyed and a new Jama was prepared. On the basis of the Zabti System fresh reforms were undertaken by Todarmal. These reforms, collectively known as Ain-i-Dahsala, were completed in 1580. Under this system, land was classified into four categories, viz Polaj, Parauti, Chachar and Banjar. Average cash rate of previous 10 years harvest was derived and cash rate was fixed once for all.
The state was to advance loans to the cultivators, which could be paid in easy annual installments. The remissions of revenue were granted in bad season. The revenue collectors were required to write officially annual reports about the word, character and integrity of their subordinates.
Question 4. The Civil Disobedience Movement (CDM) differed from the Non-Cooperation Movement (NCM) in which of the following ways?
1. The stated objective of CDM was complete independence and not just remedying two specific wrongs and a vaguely-worded Swaraj.
2. There was a decline in forms of protests involving the intelligentsia, such as lawyers giving up practice, students giving up government schools to join national schools and colleges.
3. Muslim participation in CDM was nowhere near the Non-Cooperation Movement level.
4. The Congress was organizationally weaker at the time of CDM of compared to NCM.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below
(a) 2,3 and 4
(b) 1,2 and 3
(c) 1,3 and 4
(d) All of these
Solution 4. (b) Congress was organizationally stronger. Stated objective was complete independence in Civil Disobedience Movement.
Question 5. Consider the following statement about nutrients
1. Fats give much more energy as compared to the same amount of carbohydrates.
2. Proteins are needed for the growth and repair of our body and they are called as building blocks of body.
3. Vitamins give much more energy than both fats and carbohydrates combined.
(a) 1 and 3
(b) 2 and 3
(c) Only 2
(d) 1 and 2
Solution 5. (d) The first two statements are correct. Vitamins help in protecting our body against diseases. Vitamins also help in keeping our eyes, bones teeth and gums healthy. Vitamins are of different kinds known by different names. Some of these are Vitamin A, C, D, E and K. There is also a group of vitamins called Vitamins B-Complex. Our body needs all types of vitamins in small quantities. Vitamins A keeps our skin and eyes healthy. Vitamin C help body to fight against many diseases. Vitamin D helps our body to use calcium for bones and teeth. Vitamins are not sources of energy.
Consider the following statements regarding greenhouse gases
1. Water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, ozone, nitrous oxide, CFCs and halons are responsible for global warming.
2. The largest sources of methane in the atmosphere are natural wetlands, rice paddies and livestock.
3. Nitrous oxides are released by the oceans, soils, biomass burning and the use of fertilizers.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 2 and 3
(b) 1 and 3
(c) 1 and 2
(d) All of these
Solution 1. (d) A greenhouses gas is a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect. The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and ozone.
Wetlands - Warm temperature and moist environments are ideal for methane production. Natural wetlands are important source of methane.
Rice Paddies - The warmer and moisture the rice field, the more methane is produced.
Animals - Microorganisms breaking down difficult to digest material in the guts of ruminant livestock and termites procure methane that is then released during defecation. Nitrous oxide is also released into atmosphere when fossil fuels and biomass are burnt. Nitrous oxide is emitted by bacteria in soils and oceans.
Question 2. Which of the following are the tributaries of Ganga?
1. Alaknanda
2. Bhagirathi
3. Buahi Dihing
4. Dhansiri
5. Ramganga
6. Gandhak
7. Kosi
Select the correct answer using the codes given below
(a) 1,3,4,5 and 7
(b) 1,2,5,6 and 7
(c) 2,3,4 and 6
(d) All of these
Solution 2. (b) Buahi Dihing and Dhansiri are the tributaries of Brahmaputra river.
Question 3. Consider the following statement
Under Todarmal bandobast in Akbar’s administration
1. The state was to advance loans to the cultivators which could be paid in easy annual installments.
2. Remissions for revenues were granted in bad season.
3. The revenue collectors were required to write officially annual reports about the word, character and integrity of their subordinates.
4. The accounts were to be kept in Hindi.
Which of the statement given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 1,2 and 3
(c) 3 and 4
(d) All of these
Solution 3. (b) Todarmal framed a regulation or standard system of revenue administration know as Zabti System or the Bandobast System. Under this lands were accurately surveyed and a new Jama was prepared. On the basis of the Zabti System fresh reforms were undertaken by Todarmal. These reforms, collectively known as Ain-i-Dahsala, were completed in 1580. Under this system, land was classified into four categories, viz Polaj, Parauti, Chachar and Banjar. Average cash rate of previous 10 years harvest was derived and cash rate was fixed once for all.
The state was to advance loans to the cultivators, which could be paid in easy annual installments. The remissions of revenue were granted in bad season. The revenue collectors were required to write officially annual reports about the word, character and integrity of their subordinates.
Question 4. The Civil Disobedience Movement (CDM) differed from the Non-Cooperation Movement (NCM) in which of the following ways?
1. The stated objective of CDM was complete independence and not just remedying two specific wrongs and a vaguely-worded Swaraj.
2. There was a decline in forms of protests involving the intelligentsia, such as lawyers giving up practice, students giving up government schools to join national schools and colleges.
3. Muslim participation in CDM was nowhere near the Non-Cooperation Movement level.
4. The Congress was organizationally weaker at the time of CDM of compared to NCM.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below
(a) 2,3 and 4
(b) 1,2 and 3
(c) 1,3 and 4
(d) All of these
Solution 4. (b) Congress was organizationally stronger. Stated objective was complete independence in Civil Disobedience Movement.
Question 5. Consider the following statement about nutrients
1. Fats give much more energy as compared to the same amount of carbohydrates.
2. Proteins are needed for the growth and repair of our body and they are called as building blocks of body.
3. Vitamins give much more energy than both fats and carbohydrates combined.
(a) 1 and 3
(b) 2 and 3
(c) Only 2
(d) 1 and 2
Solution 5. (d) The first two statements are correct. Vitamins help in protecting our body against diseases. Vitamins also help in keeping our eyes, bones teeth and gums healthy. Vitamins are of different kinds known by different names. Some of these are Vitamin A, C, D, E and K. There is also a group of vitamins called Vitamins B-Complex. Our body needs all types of vitamins in small quantities. Vitamins A keeps our skin and eyes healthy. Vitamin C help body to fight against many diseases. Vitamin D helps our body to use calcium for bones and teeth. Vitamins are not sources of energy.
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